Link to Grammar Exercise

GLOBALISATION        

 


 Mind Map method

1. Use the mind map as inspiration for your own map. Make a mind map of the world where you make a list of all the things you find interesting - and threatening in the development of the world today.

2. When you have made a list of all the problems, how do you find some solutions? - how can these problems be solved?
   Find an ideal way to solve them, and perhaps what you consider is the realistic way of solving them.  Find information on the Internet that can help you.

 

CENTRE  PERIPHERY  - PROJECT WORK

To your left you see the centre periphery model, which is one of the ways in which the development problems have been analysed in World System theory and  by academics in the poor countries, especially Latin America and India. Through hot spots in the image you can link to statistics sources on development problems.

1. Use these links to prepare a report on development problems.
2.  Find literature that illustrates these problems, e.g. www.chowk.com, Outlook India.  

VOCABULARY

Access to the Internet  
employment opportunities  
Education  
Interconnected  
Outsourcing  
Call Centre  
High wages  
Low wages  
Investments  
Free movement across borders  
Telecommunications  
Global Village  
Globalize  
Local and Global  
Foreign direct Investment  
Trade  
Information flows  
International Monetary Fund and World Bank
United Nations and human rights
UN Millennium Goals  
Competititon across borders  
Compete  
Competitive  
Global Warming  
Pollution knows no borders  
Drug trade  
High Cost of Labour  

 

 

USING A VOCABULARY
Conversation on development problems. A is from a rich country. B is from a poor country

B: You're from a rich country. My country is poor. Why is it so?
A: Our cold climate makes people work. They always had to work to get food and shelter.
B: Bad explanation. Nowadays people use air conditioners. The climate doesn't anything any more. Some hot areas are highly developed, for instance Southern California, Florida, southern China. The causes of poverty lie in colonization. You colonised us, we didn't get enough education. We were competed out of markets by you.
A: We had more economic growth than you did.
B: You made unfair trade deals (handelsaftaler), and you continue doing so by dominating the World Trade Organization, WTO
A: A lot of people in other countries are protesting against that, take Global Exchange or Mellemfolkeligt Samvirke. We want to help you. A lot of people in the West are in favour of fair trade instead of free trade. The NGO Oxfam has written reports on this theme. We also give development assistance. The Danish DANIDA for instance gives almost 1 per cent of Danish gross national product (GNP) in development assistance. This organisation has also put a lot of information, i.e. statistics,  on development problems at the disposal of the general public.
B: You primarily give development assistance to help your own companies.
A: ???
B: Development loans and projects help your own companies to build up business contacts and networks, and financial assistance is generally tied to purchasing things from your own country.
A: Some development assistance is untied. You can buy from wherever you want.

Continue the discussion.....

VOCABULARY - World Bank Data Profiles

People  - mennesker
Population, total

Befolkning i alt

Population growth (annual %) Befolkningsvækst (årlig procent)
Population density (people per sq. km) Befolkningstæthed (mennesker pr kvadratkm)
Life expectancy at birth (years) Livslængde v. fødsel (år)
Fertility rate, total (births per woman) Fertilitets- (frugtbarheds-)rate, i alt (fødsler pr kvinde)
Mortality rate, infant (per 1,000 live births) Dødelighedsrate, spædbørn (pr 1000 levendefødte)
Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000 live births) Dødsrate for under 5 årige (pr 1000 levendefødte)
Malnutrition prevalence (% of children under 5) Forekomst af dårlig ernæring (procent af børn under 5)
Urban population (% of total) Befolkning i byer (procent af alle)
Rural population density (per sq. km of arable land) Befolkningstæthed på landet (pr kvadratkm. opdyrkelig land)
Illiteracy rate, adult male (% of males 15+) Analfabetisme rate, voksne mænd (pct af mænd over 15)
Illiteracy rate, adult female (% of females 15+) Analfabetisme rate, voksne kvinder (pct af kvinder over 15)
School enrollment, primary (% net) Skolegang i primærskole
School enrollment, secondary (% net) Skolegang i sekundærskole
School enrollment, primary, female (% net) Skolegang i primærskole, kvinder pct netto
School enrollment, secondary, female (% net) Skolegang i sekundærskole kvinder pct netto
Environment  miljø
Surface area (sq. km) Overflade areal kv. km
Forest area (sq. km) Skovareal kv. km
Annual deforestation (% of change) Årlig fjernelse af skov pct ændring
Freshwater resources per capita (cubic meters) Friskvandsressourcer pr indbygger kubikmeter
CO2 emissions (metric tons per capita) CO2 udledninger (metriske tons pr indbygger)
Improved water source, urban (% of urban population with access) Forbedret vandressource, bymæssig (pct af bybefolkning med adgang til vand)
Improved sanitation facilities, urban (% of urban population with access) Forbedrede sanitetsfaciliteter, bymæssig (pct af bybefolkning med adgang)
Commercial energy use (kg of oil equivalent per capita) Kommercielt energiforbrug (kg af olieækvivalent pr indbygger)
Electric power consumption per capita (kwh) Elektrisk kraftforbrug pr indbygger (kw time)
Economy  Økonomi
GNI, Atlas method (current US$) Bruttonationalindkomst løbende dollars
GNI per capita, Atlas method (current US$) Bruttonationalindkomst pr indbygger løbende dollars
GDP (current $) BNP løbende dollars
GDP growth (annual %) BNP vækst (årlig pct)
Inflation, GDP deflator (annual %) Inflation (BNP deflator årlig pct)
Agriculture, value added (% of GDP) Landbrug, med rå- og hjælpestoffer fratrukket (pct af BNP)
Industry, value added (% of GDP) Industri, med rå- og hjælpestoffer fratrukket (pct af BNP)
Services, etc., value added (% of GDP) Tjenester, etc., med rå og hjælpestoffer fratrukket (pct af BNP)
Exports of goods and services (% of GDP) Eksport af varer og tjenester (pct af BNP)
Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) Import af varer og tjenester (pct af BNP)
Gross capital formation (% of GDP) Brutto kapitaldannelse (pct af BNP)
Current revenue, excluding grants (% of GDP) Løbende indkomst, ikke medregnet gaver (pct af BNP)
Overall budget deficit, including grants (% of GDP) Overordnet budgetunderskud, incl. gaver (pct af BNP)
Money and quasi money growth (annual %) Penge- og kvasipenge vækst (årlig pct)
Technology and infrastructure  - teknologi og infrastruktur
Telephone mainlines (per 1,000 people)  Telefonlinjer pr 1000 mennesker
Telephone average cost of local call (US$ per three minutes) Gennemsnitlig omkostning for lokalt opkald (dollars pr tre minutter)
Personal computers (per 1,000 people) PC'er pr 1000 mennesker
Internet hosts (per 10,000 people) Internet hosts pr 10000 mennesker
Paved roads (% of total) Asfalterede veje (pct af samtlige)
Aircraft departures Afgange via lufthavne
Trade and finance  Handel og finansiering
Trade in goods as a share of PPP GDP (%) Handel med varer som en andel af købekraftsjusteret BNP (pct)
Trade in goods as a share of goods GDP (%) Handel med varer som andel af varer- BNP
High-technology exports (% of manufactured exports) High-tech eksport som pct andel af industrieksport
Net barter terms of trade (1995=100) Bytteforhold (eksportpriser divideret med importpriser) (1995=100)
Foreign direct investment, net inflows in reporting country (WDI, current US$) Udenlandske investeringer, nettotilstrømning i rapporterende land (løbende dollars)
Present value of debt (current US$) Nuværende værdi af gæld (løbende dollars)
Total debt service (current US$) Totalomkostning til servicering (renter og afdrag) af gæld (løbende dollars)
Short-term debt outstanding (current US$) Kortfristet udestående gæld (løbende dollars)
Aid per capita (current US$) U-landsbistand pr indbygger (løbende dollars)


 

ARGENTINA DANMARK  Globalization indicators - learn an Economic Vocabulary

 

Argentina

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

BASIC INDICATORS

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Population (thousands, 2004)

 

 38 226

 

Rank in world trade, 2004

Exports

Imports

 

GDP (million current US$, 2004)

 

 151 501

 

Merchandise

 

 

43

49

 

GDP (million current PPP US$, 2004)

 

 486 366

 

Commercial services

 

50

46

 

Current account balance (million US$, 2004)

 3 281

 

Merchandise excluding intra-EU trade

28

32

 

Trade (handel) per capita (US$, 2002-2004)

 

 1 436

 

Commercial serv. excl. intra-EU trade

32

29

 

Trade to GDP ratio (andel) (2002-2004)

 

  42.6

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Annual percentage change

 

 

 

 

 

 

2004  

 

1995-2004

2003

2004

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Real GDP (1995=100)

 

  115

 

2

9

9

 

Exports of goods and services (volume, 1995=100)

  157

 

5

6

4

 

Imports of goods and services (volume, 1995=100)

  123

 

2

38

45

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

TRADE POLICY

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

WTO accession date

1 January 1995

 

Contribution to WTO budget (%, 2006)

0.360

 

Trade Policy Review date

20, 22 January 1999

 

Import duties collected (%, 2002-2004):

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

in total tax revenue

 

 

2.8

 

Tariff binding coverage (%, 2004)

 

  100.0

 

to total merchandise imports

 

4.9

 

MFN tariffs

 

 

Final bound

Applied 2004

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Simple average of ad-valorem duties

 

 

 

Number of:

 

 

 

 

 

All goods

 

 

 

  31.9

  12.7

 

GATS services sectors with commitments

  63

 

Agricultural goods (AOA)

  32.6

  12.0

 

Dispute rulings (complainant - defendant)

2 - 6

 

Non-agricultural goods

  31.8

  12.9

 

Notifications outstanding  (CRN)

 

  13

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Non ad-valorem duties (% of total tariff lines)

  0.0

  0.0

 

Number of contingency measures in force:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Anti-dumping (30 June 2005)

56

 

MFN duty free imports

 

 

 

 

Countervailing duties (30 June 2005)

3

 

Share in total imports, 2001

  4.8

 

Safeguards (3 November 2005)

  0

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

MERCHANDISE TRADE

 

 

Value

 

Annual percentage change

 

 

 

 

 

 

2004  

 

1995-2004

2003

2004

 

Merchandise exports, f.o.b. (million US$)

 34 550

 

6

15

17

 

Merchandise imports, c.i.f. (million US$)

 22 445

 

1

54

62

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

2004  

 

 

 

 

 

2004

 

Share in world total exports

  0.38

 

Share in world total imports

0.24

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Breakdown in economy's total exports

 

 

Breakdown in economy's total imports

 

 

  By main commodity group (ITS)

 

 

  By main commodity group (ITS)

 

 

Agricultural products

 

 

  49.6

 

Agricultural products

 

 

5.1

 

Fuels and mining products

 

  20.0

 

Fuels and mining products

 

6.6

 

Manufactures

 

 

 

  28.6

 

Manufactures

 

 

 

87.2

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

  By main destination

 

 

  By main origin

 

 

1. European Union (25)

 

 

  18.3

 

1. Brazil

 

 

 

  32.5

 

2. Brazil

 

 

 

 

  15.8

 

2. European Union (25)

 

 

  18.2

 

3. Chile

 

 

 

 

  11.2

 

3. United States

 

 

  14.7

 

4. United States

 

 

  10.8

 

4. Japan

 

 

 

  6.9

 

5. China

 

 

 

 

  7.7

 

5. China

 

 

 

  6.0

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

COMMERCIAL SERVICES TRADE

 

Value

 

Annual percentage change

 

 

 

 

 

 

2004  

 

1995-2004

 

2003

2004

 

Commercial services exports (million US$)

 5 135  

 

4

28

24

 

Commercial services imports (million US$)

 6 625  

 

-1

15

23

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

2004  

 

 

 

 

 

2004

 

Share in world total exports

  0.24  

 

Share in world total imports

0.31

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Breakdown in economy's total exports

 

 

Breakdown in economy's total imports

 

 

  By principal services item

 

 

  By principal services item

 

 

 

Transportation

 

  22.4  

 

Transportation

 

24.5

 

Travel

 

  49.9  

 

Travel

 

44.7

 

Other commercial services

 

  27.7  

 

Other commercial services

 

30.8

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

  Total 

Residents

Non-residents

 

 

 

 

  Total 

Residents

Non-residents

 

Patents granted, 2000

 1 587

  145

 1 442  

 

Marks registered, 2002

 53 388

35 474

17 914

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Denmark

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

BASIC INDICATORS

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Population (thousands, 2004)

 

 5 397

 

Rank in world trade, 2004

Exports

Imports

 

 

GDP (million current US$, 2004)

 

 243 043

 

Merchandise

 

 

29

28

 

 

GDP (million current PPP US$, 2004)

 

 172 569

 

Commercial services

 

20

17

 

 

Current account balance (million US$, 2004)

 5 941

 

Merchandise excluding intra-EU trade

-

-

 

 

Trade per capita (US$, 2002-2004)

 

 33 656

 

Commercial serv. excl. intra-EU trade

-

-

 

 

Trade to GDP ratio (2002-2004)

 

  86.7

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Annual percentage change

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

2004  

 

1995-2004

2003

2004

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Real GDP (1995=100)

 

  120

 

2

0

2

 

 

Exports of goods and services (volume, 1995=100)  a

  158

 

6

0

...

 

 

Imports of goods and services (volume, 1995=100)  a

  164

 

6

0

...

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

TRADE POLICY

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

WTO accession date

1 January 1995

 

Contribution to WTO budget (%, 2006)

0.970

 

 

Trade Policy Review date

24, 26 July 2002

 

Import duties collected:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

in total tax revenue

 

 

...

 

 

Tariff binding coverage (%, 2004)

 

  100.0

 

to total merchandise imports

 

...

 

 

MFN tariffs

 

 

Final bound

Applied 2005

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Simple average of ad-valorem duties

 

 

 

Number of:

 

 

 

 

 

 

All goods

 

 

 

  4.1

  4.2

 

GATS services sectors with commitments

  115

 

 

Agricultural goods (AOA)

X

  5.9

 

Dispute rulings (complainant - defendant)

26 - 21

 

 

Non-agricultural goods

  3.9

  4.0

 

Notifications outstanding  (CRN)

 

  22

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Non ad-valorem duties (% of total tariff lines)

  6.0

  5.9

 

Number of contingency measures in force:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Anti-dumping (30 June 2005)

167

 

 

MFN duty free imports

 

 

 

 

Countervailing duties (30 June 2005)

16

 

 

Share in total imports, 2004

  52.6

 

Safeguards (3 November 2005)

  1

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

MERCHANDISE TRADE

 

 

Value

 

Annual percentage change

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

2004  

 

1995-2004

2003

2004

Merchandise exports, f.o.b. (million US$)

 77 079

 

5

16

16

Merchandise imports, c.i.f. (million US$)

 68 157

 

4

14

19

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

2004  

 

 

 

 

 

2004

Share in world total exports

  0.84

 

Share in world total imports

0.71

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Breakdown in economy's total exports

 

 

Breakdown in economy's total imports

 

 

 

  By main commodity group (ITS)

 

 

  By main commodity group (ITS)

 

 

 

Agricultural products

 

 

  21.0

 

Agricultural products

 

 

15.2

 

 

Fuels and mining products

 

  9.3

 

Fuels and mining products

 

6.9

 

 

Manufactures

 

 

 

  60.7

 

Manufactures

 

 

 

75.8

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

  By main destination

 

 

  By main origin

 

 

 

1. European Union (25)

 

 

  64.4

 

1. European Union (25)

 

 

  71.5

 

 

2. Norway

 

 

 

 

  5.5

 

2. Norway

 

 

 

  4.7

 

 

3. United States

 

 

  5.2

 

3. China

 

 

 

  4.0

 

 

4. Japan

 

 

 

 

  2.6

 

4. United States

 

 

  3.8

 

 

5. China

 

 

 

 

  1.2

 

5. Korea, Republic of

 

 

  1.6

 

 

    Unspecified destinations

 

  7.5  

 

    Unspecified origins

 

 

0.5

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

COMMERCIAL SERVICES TRADE

 

Value

 

Annual percentage change

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

2004  

 

1995-2004

 

2003

2004

Commercial services exports (million US$)

 36 304  

 

10

19

15

Commercial services imports (million US$)

 33 401  

 

10

16

18

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

2004  

 

 

 

 

 

2004

Share in world total exports

  1.67  

 

Share in world total imports

1.57

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Breakdown in economy's total exports

 

 

Breakdown in economy's total imports

 

 

 

  By principal services item

 

 

  By principal services item

 

 

 

 

Transportation

 

  58.7  

 

Transportation

 

48.4

 

 

Travel

 

  15.6  

 

Travel

 

21.8

 

 

Other commercial services

 

  25.7  

 

Other commercial services

 

29.8

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

  Total 

Residents

Non-residents

 

 

 

 

  Total 

Residents

Non-residents

 

 

Patents granted, 2002

 16 469

  486

 15 983  

 

Marks registered, 2002

 10 034

3 331

6 703

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

a  Refers to 2003 values and to the average annual percentage change for 1995-2003.

 

 

 

 

 

Source: WTO

GDP Gross Domestic Product: Den samlede produktions størrelse
MFN tariffs Most favoured Nation (mest begunstigede nation) tariffs (told)
WTO accession WTO medlemsskab
Countervailing Som modtræk
Duty Told/afgift
Tax revenue Skatteindtægt
Commercial services Forretningsservice, f.eks. skibsfart, salg af know-how, konsulentydelser
Property Ejendom
Resident Person, der bor i landet
Patents granted Patenter udstedt
   
   
   
   
   

 

Grammar Exercise: Relative pronouns who, which, that.... Make sentences using the correct relative pronoun by putting information from column to the right into sentence in the left column. Put in commas when necessary.

PETE DOHERTY_(who, which eller that? + sætn. til højre) ____________ has sunk to a new low of disgusting behaviour. is a famous pop star
   
The BABYSHAMBLES ______________ saw its singer squirt a syringe-full of his own blood at two MTV News cameramen after injecting heroin in view of the production team. is one of the leading British rock bands
   
The camera lens  _______________was splattered with Pete’s claret — leaving a horrified crew scared of infection and needing to sterilise thousands of pounds worth of filming equipment. had just been cleaned
   
Doherty’s own bandmate DREW McCONNELL _______________________  was so angry with the singer that he stormed off. plays the bass
   
It is only a fortnight since The Sun ______________ printed pictures of Pete sticking a syringe into a young girl fan’s arm. is the paper with the largest circulation in Britain
   
This stunt _______________ is equally pathetic and unforgivable is probably not the latest
   
MTV News ________________ had managed to secure a backstage interview with Babyshambles after a gig in Berlin.
 
is always on the spot at the right time
   
Pete _______________ had refused to join his bandmates. remains close to KATE MOSS
   
But midway through the interview Pete _____________ appeared in the room and sat down was not the least sleepy
   
No one spotted the syringe ___________, although you can make it out in my exclusive sequence of pictures he was holding
   
He then took aim and unloaded a barrel-full of his own blood _____________ on the camera lens from a few yards away is not the healthiest stuff around
   
But his two bandmates, bassist Drew and dummer ADAM FICEK __________ were not pleased. Drew apologised to MTV _______________ saying: “I think the interview is over my friend. I’m really sorry about that mate, that’s ****ed up.” thinks of the reputation of the band

was really pissed off

   
Then Drew _______________ fled and was seen kicking a door in a rage down the corridor. Pete also left but returned to perform a song once MTV had managed to clean the lens ______________________. is the quiet one in the band


are perhaps going to be a collectors' item



 

 
LINKS:

Website on Giddens' Run Away world (Reith Lectures)

Arbejdsvilkår i økonomiske zoner

Om multinationale selskaber

UNDP Human Development

Gloser til Verdensbankens datatabeller